Primitivism is a significant phenomenon in art from the beginning of the 20th century, which arose from the reception of works, especially sculptures, of African and Oceanic primitive peoples. Primitivism is based on the special interest of Western artists to deal with ethnological works of art, which were clearly different from the usual conception of art, and to incorporate elements of them into their own works. This was less a matter of depicting foreign countries and cultures than of exploring new artistic possibilities and further formal development, which Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) steered in the direction of Cubism. The Expressionists, on the other hand, were primarily captivated by the emotional authenticity of the art of primitive peoples.
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