The École de Paris or is broadly understood to mean all progressive art towards the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, which was centered in Paris. The city became a center of attraction for artists from all over the world during this period and the birthplace of some of the most important innovations in modern art, particularly Fauvism, Cubism, abstract art and Surrealism. The heyday of the Paris School was ended by World War II, although the term continued to be used to describe the artists of Paris. Beginning around 1950, the dominance of the École de Paris was erased by the rise of the New York School.